Reference Library
Browse consolidated international frameworks and country-level imports. Use the filters to focus results and export insights.
| Country | Pillar | Factor | Framework title | Project cycle | Enforcement practice | Approval body | Approval requirements | Approval timeline | Approval cost | Key provisions | Watch developments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tanzania | Social | Employment & labour relations | Employment and Labour Relations Act, 2004 (No. 6/2004) View sourceGoverns employment contracts, termination, and workers’ rights. | Entire Project Cycle | Yes, via inspections and tribunals | Labour Officers / Tribunals | N/A | N/A | No fees (payroll contributions apply) | Ensure lawful employment contracts, social security, and fair HR practice. | N/A |
| Tanzania | Social | Community consent | Environmental Impact Assessment and Audit Regulations, 2005 (GN No. 349/2005) View sourceRegulations require community consultation and consent during the EIA process. The proponent must identify and engage stakeholders and affected communities, disclose project information, record comments, and integrate local concerns into the Environmental Impact Statement (EIS). Community consent is demonstrated through documented consultations, attendance records, and issues–response tables. | Project Conception & Feasibility phase | Partially enforced — NEMC requires consultation records, but depth and quality of participation vary; donor/DFI projects face stricter verification of community engagement. | NEMC receives and reviews EIA submissions; Local government environmental officers verify community consultations and endorse attendance or consent records. | N/A | Consultation typically spans 2–4 weeks within the EIA process; total EIA review 60–90 days depending on NEMC schedule and feedback. | N/A | GMG developers must secure clear community acceptance before land acquisition or construction; evidence (minutes, attendance, resolutions) is required for the EIA Certificate and for financiers. Community consent reduces risk of disputes and supports social licence to operate. | N/A |
| Tanzania | Environmental | ESIA | Environmental Impact Assessment and Audit Regulations, 2005 (GN No. 349/2005) View sourceEstablishes EIA and Audit procedures under the Environmental Management Act, 2004. Requires registration, screening, EIA, public consultation, review and certification. Energy projects are listed in the First Schedule as requiring mandatory EIA. | Project Conception & Feasibility phase | Enforcement by NEMC officials | NEMC, in coordination with local authorities | N/A | 45 days for decision of project brief, 30 days for decision by Minister on EIA | Fees set under the Environmental Management (Fees & Charges) Regulations, 2018. Application and certification fees range from TShs 50,000 to 300,000, covering applications for EIA, submission of project briefs, reprints, transfers, surrenders, and variations of certificates. | Mandatory EIA for electricity generation/distribution and related works; must include mitigation, monitoring and waste management plans; only registered experts may submit EIA | N/A |
| Tanzania | Environmental | Emissions | Environmental Management (Air Quality Standards) Regulations, 2007 View sourceSets ambient, receptor, emission and specification air quality standards; requires permit for emission sources deemed “main polluting activity”; regulates stack heights, emissions, unexpected releases, ambient imission limits | Entire Project Cycle | Enforcement by NEMC officials | NEMC issues air pollutant emission permits for main polluting activities; local environmental officers (district, municipal) recommend or enforce conditions locally | N/A | N/A | Fees set under the Environmental Management (Fees & Charges) Regulations, 2018. Wate with metal bearing Application – TShs 50,000, Collection – 10,000,000, Transportation – 5,000,000, Exportation – 1,000,000, Storage – 5,000,000, and Disposal – 5,000,000. | For GMG developers: if your site uses combustion (diesel generators, backup gensets, biogas engines), emissions, smoke / particulate discharge, stacks etc will fall under this regulation; you must ensure your emissions remain within limits, apply for the permit, monitor emissions, and avoid “unexpected emissions” | N/A |
| Tanzania | Environmental | Waste management | Environmental Management (Hazardous Waste Control and Management) Regulations, 2021 View sourceRegulates generation, collection, storage, transport, treatment, recycling, reuse and disposal of hazardous waste including transboundary movement, Electronic waste is considered hazardous waste | End of Life & Decommissioning Phase | The regulations are relatively new | NEMC is the permit-granting and supervisory authority | N/A | N/A | Fees set under the Environmental Management (Fees & Charges) Regulations, 2018. Max cost for discharge permit for Tshs 10,000,000. | For GMG projects, hazardous wastes may include used batteries (lead acid, lithium), transformer oils, electronic waste (inverters, controllers). You must permit/manage their collection, storage, transport and disposal under these regulations. | N/A |
| Tanzania | Environmental | ESIA | Environmental Management Act, 2004 (No. 20 of 2004) View sourceIt sets out general principles (precautionary principle, polluter pays, sustainable development), mandates EIA/EA, defines powers for pollution control, waste management, environmental quality standards, public participation, compliance & enforcement, restoration orders, appeals, etc. | Entire Project Cycle | Enforcement by NEMC officials | NEMC is the approving authority for EIA / environmental permits, in coordination with sector ministries and local authorities as appropriate. Local Government Authorities (LGAs) enforce local obligations under the EMA via their environmental officers. | N/A | The statutes and regulations define various time windows. For example, EIA Regulations allow up to 90 days for review by NEMC. FAOLEX+3elaw.org+3ecolex.org+3 | The EMA itself does not fix all fees; fees are prescribed via the Environmental Management (Fees and Charges) Regulations, 2018 under EMA. | Project may cross thresholds triggering mandatory EIA (especially if generation, land use, infrastructure, battery waste, distribution lines). Must commission EIA by registered environmental expert (under Registration Regulations) Must include mitigation, monitoring, public consultation, baseline studies, waste / hazardous material handling (e.g. battery disposal, transformer oil leakage) Must comply with national environmental quality standards (air, water discharge). Must maintain records, allow inspections, cooperate with regulators. Appeals and conditions: NEMC may impose conditions or revoke certificate under EMA powers | N/A |
| Tanzania | Environmental | Deforestation | Forest Act View sourceProvides for conservation, sustainable use, management of forests, classification (national, local, village, private forests), permits for forest produce, protected & reserved trees, forest management plans, community forest, restriction on cutting, export controls | Construction & Commissioning Phase | Enforcement in reserved forests zones | Tanzania Forest Services | N/A | 60 days | Classified in class of species of trees max cost Tshs. 350,000 | For GMG: if infrastructure crosses forest reserves, uses forest produce (poles, wood for structure), must get permits, respect reserved or protected trees, manage buffer zones, submit forest management plans, coordinate with community forests | N/A |
| Tanzania | Environmental | Land use changes | Land Act View sourceGoverns rights of occupancy, leases, transfers, land classification (general, reserved, village), land use changes, consents, conditions on occupancy. Tanzlii | Construction & Commissioning Phase | Enforced, challenges exist in rural or community lands | Commissioner for Lands and authorised officers; local authorities (for consents or planning); Land Registry (for registration) | N/A | 60 days | Fees prescribed in regulations under the Act | For GMG: securing right of occupancy for project land | N/A |
| Tanzania | Environmental | Land use changes | Land Use Planning Act, 2007 View sourceProvides for preparation, approval, enforcement of land use plans (national, regional, district, village), setting land-use zones, and controlling developments / changes in land use. (ECOLEX) | Project Conception & Feasibility phase | Mandatory | The relevant planning authority (village, district, regional) administers approvals / consents | N/A | 60 days | For purchase or unspection of plans max. Tshs 180,000 | GMG developers must ensure the project is compatible with the land use zone | N/A |
| Tanzania | Social | Child labour | Law of the Child Act, 2009 (No. 21/2009) View sourceProtects children’s rights; prohibits child labour and exploitation. | Entire Project Cycle | Yes, via social services and courts | Social Welfare Officers / Courts | N/A | N/A | No fees | Avoid child labour; include safeguarding in CSR/community agreements. | N/A |
| Tanzania | Social | Occupational health & safety | Occupational Health and Safety Act, 2003 (No. 5/2003) View sourceRequires safe workplaces, hazard management, PPE, training, and reporting. | Entire Project Cycle | Enforced | Occupational Safety Authority | N/A | N/A | N/A | Implement OHS plans for installation, battery handling, and electrical work. | N/A |
| Tanzania | Social | Slavery | Entire Project Cycle | Strictly enforced | Police / DPP | N/A | N/A | No fees | Prevent forced labour and corruption; maintain lawful security practices. | N/A | |
| Tanzania | Social | Customer relations & consumer protection | Standards Act, 2009 (Ch. 130) View sourceEstablishes TBS, national standards, compulsory standards, testing, certification and standard marks. | Entire Project Cycle | Yes, via inspections and controls | TBS | N/A | N/A | N/A | Ensure components meet TBS/recognised standards; use certified products. | N/A |
| Tanzania | Social | Community land use | Village Land Act, 1999 (No. 5/1999) View sourceRegulates village land tenure, consent for use and allocation, and compensation. | Project Conception & Feasibility phase | Partly, dependent on local governance | Village Council / Commissioner for Lands | N/A | N/A | N/A | Secure community consent, record agreements, budget for compensation. | N/A |
| Tanzania | Environmental | Wildlife | Wildlife Conservation Act, 2009 View sourceEstablishes rules for conservation, protection, sustainable use of wildlife; prohibits unauthorised capture, trade, damage or destruction of wildlife and habitats. | Entire Project Cycle | Enforced by Authority near protected areas | Wildlife Authority | N/A | N/A | Concession fee agreed on competitive pricing by an authorised association | For GMG near or within wildlife zones / reserves: must avoid habitat destruction, obtain permits for activities impacting wildlife; possibly do environmental audits; must mitigate disturbance; coordinate with wildlife authority; respect buffer zones | N/A |
| Tanzania | Social | Others.. | N/A N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Tanzania | Social | Agent safety and security (Rationale: this may fall under occupational H&S but given the sunking incidents, we thought it would be good to make it more explicit.) | N/A N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |